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| Guideline for Reference and Citation |
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Guideline for Reference and Citation
Journal of Fashion Business
▶ Reference materials must be clearly presented in English.
▶ A reference list is arranged in the alphabetical order of the family name of each author and every content cited from a reference needs to be related the main content of a manuscript. What are not mentioned in reference citation rules shall follow APA Style Manual (Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association).
▶ Footnotes shall be used only in case it is definitely needed. When footnotes are needed, they shall be marked as adding a series of numbers at the top right side of the phrase and their content shall be shown at the bottom of each page. And a reference can't be cited in the form of an endnote.
■ In-text citation
1. When the name of an author is mentioned in the content.
1) When the number of authors is less than two
· Park and Ryu (2012)...
· ... (Park & Ryu, 2012).
· Research by Wegener and Petty (1994) supports...
· ... (Wegener & Petty, 1994).
2) When the number of authors is between 3-5, In case of the first citation, every authors' names are mentioned and since then 'et al.' needs to be used with the name of the first author.
· In case of the first citation: Walker, Allen, Bradley, Rmirez, and Soo (2008)...
... (Walker, Allen, Bradley, Rmirez, & Soo, 2008).
· In case of further citations: Walker et al. (2008)...
... (Walker et al., 2008).
3) In case there are more than six authors, the name of the first author is mentioned followed by et al. (In the reference list, if there are publications by eight or more author's names, then insert three ellipses, and add the last author’s name.)
· Harris et al. (2001) argued ...
· ... (Harris et al., 2001).
4) In case of a direct citation, the author's name, the publish year and the relevant page are mentioned between parentheses at the end of the cited part. When the cited part is within two lines (in case of English, less than 40 words), citation mark " " needs to be used and in other cases, those cited parts need to be mentioned separately from the content. In case of being mentioned separately, the top and the bottom of the cited part shall be emptied by a line and for each side, indent the cited part by as many as 3 words. But, in case there is no page such as electronic sources, the shortened form of paragraph, para is used when each paragraph is expressed very distinctively.
· When asked why his behavior had changed so dramatically, Max simply said, "I think it's the reinforcement” (Pauling, 2004, p. 69).
· Smith (2003) states, "managers need a detailed understanding of the communication process to be effective in the workplace" (p. 12).
· Taking into consideration gender differences in adolescent development, it may be that boys more intimate details when not in mixed company, there by having better treatment outcomes, Parents also play an integral role in fostering self-efficacy in their children and they need to get more involved, especially with their male teens. (Moore, Young, Weir, & Ochshorn, 2007, p. 142)
· Basu and Jones (2007) went so far as to suggest the need for a new "intellectual framework in which to consider the nature and form of regulation in cyberspace" (para. 4).
5) When more than two advanced researches are cited at the same time, the names of head authors are mentioned in their alphabetical order.
· The advanced researches (Ahn & Ryou, 2011; Arli & Lasmono, 2010; Aupperle et al., 1985) are ...
6) In case the author can't be identified only by the surname because they have the same one, the initial of the author's frist name shall be mentioned. Even when the initial of the first name is the same, then their full first name needs to be added.
· S. Kim (2008) insisted that...but M. Kim (2008) said that...
... (S. Kim, 2008; M. Kim, 2008).
· ... (E. Johnson, 2001; L. Johnson, 1998).
· ... (Paul Janet, 1876; Pierre Janet, 1906).
· ... (Hierang Park & Hahn, 2006; Haeshin Park, 2010).
· Among studies, we review M. A. Light and Light (2008) and I. Light (2006).
... (M. A. Light & Light, 2008; I. Light, 2006).
7) When there are many theses written by the same author at the same year
· KIm (2008a) emphasized that...and in another Kim (2008b)'s study, it said that........
... (Kim, 2008a, 2008b).
2. Unknown Author (Book, Guidebook, Report etc.): Begin the entry with the work's title and titles of books are italicized.
· ..are mentioned in 2006 SR Index (2007)
· ...( 2006 SR Index, 2007).
3. In case the author is not a person but the institution and it is cited more than twice, for the first citation write down the initials with [ ] in a parenthesis. And for further citation only initials are mentioned.
2nd Reference: After the name of the original author, present the source of reference in parentheses
· United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (2003)...
· In case of being cited more than twice
- for the first citation: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development ([UNCTD], 2003) ...
- for the second citation: UNCTD (2003)... / ... (UNCTD, 2003).
4. Translation: After the name of original author, add the original date of the work's publication and the date of translation in parentheses at the end of the entry.
· ... According to the explanation of Laplace (1814/1951),
· ... (Hernon, 1998/2001).
5. In case some materials are recited, show the name of the original author and present the source of recited part in a parenthesis.
· ...From the result of Zeitthaml (as cited in Park, 2008)....
· Seidenberg and McClelland's study (as cited in Coltheart et al., 1993)...
6. In case of articles in a newspaper, journals or internet, it needs to put the main words of the title in “ ” and add the year.
· Among last year's successful fashion companies ("Fashion corporate in Korea", 2010)
7. In case of a patent, add the patent number and the patented date (not application date)
· ... Korea Patent No. 204-0012216 (1998)...
· ... (Korea Patent No. 204-0012216, 1998)...
· ... U.S. Patent No. 123,445 (1988)...
· ... (U.S. Patent No. 123,445, 1988)...
■ Guideline for Reference
1. Book
1) In case the author is an individual person
· Elkington, J. (1997). Cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st century business. Oxford, UK: Castone Publishing Ltd.
· Bronson, P., & Merryman, A. (2009). Nurtureshock: New thinking about children. NY: Twelve Press.
· Helfer, M. E., Kempe, R. S., & Krugman, R. D. (1997). The battered child (5th ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
2) In case the author is an institution
· ISO. (2009). Guidance on social responsibility. Geneva: ISO.
3) In case there is no proper author
· 2006 SR Index. (2007). Seoul: The Federation of Korean Industries.
· Longman dictionary of the English language. (1984). Harlow, England: Longman.
4) If the reference list includes different authors with the same surname and first initial, the authors’ full first names may be given in brackets.
· Janet, P. [Paul]. (1876). La notion de la personnalite [The notion personality]. Revue Scientifique, 10, 574-575.
· Janet, P. [Pierre]. (1906). The pathogenesis of some impulsions. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1, 1-17.
· Park, J. [Jina]. (2010). A study on Korean and Japanese consumers’ attitudes and consumer knowledge about luxury brands. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 34(8), 1303-1318.
· Park, J. [Jungwon]. (2008). A study of the brand equity structure of luxury cosmetic brands. The Society of Korean Traditional Costume, 11(3), 31-42.
5) In case there are many writings by the same author, they are shown in a chronological order. And when there are several writings published at the same year, they need to be identified by adding a different alphabet of small letters at the end of the year.
· Kim, M. (2008a). Title of work. Location: Publisher.
· Kim, M. (2008b). Title of work. Location: Publisher.
6) When the writings of the first author with the same family name and other several authors are used, they need to be mentioned in the alphabetical oder of authors’ family name.
· Boockvar, K. S., & Burack, O. R. (2007).
· Boockvar, K. S., Firsching, A., & Brwon, J. (2008).
7) In case of edited materials (When there is only one author, the shortened form, Ed. is used and in other cases, Eds. is used.)
· Broinowski, A. (Ed.). (1990). ASEAN into the 1990s. London, England: Macmillan.
· Duncan, G. J., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (Eds.). (1997). Consequences of growing up poor. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
8) When the book is printed several times, the shortened form of edition, ed. is used. And in case of the revised edition, its shortened form, Rev. ed. is used.
· Goudie, A. (2000). The human impact on the natural environment (5th ed.). Oxford, England: Blackwell.
· Spitzer, R. J. (2008). Politics of gun control (4th ed.). Washington, DC: CQ Press.
9) In case of a book with many volumes (for a book, Vol. 4, and for several books, Vols. 1-4)
· Corsini, R. J. (Ed.). (1994). Encyclopedia of psychology (Vol. 4). New York, NY: J. Wiley.
· Topliss, H. (1985). Tom Roberts 1856 - 1931: A catalogue raisonne (Vol. 2).
Melbourne, Australia: Oxford University Press.
10) In case the material can be read only through e-book (when there is no specific year mentioned, the abbreviated form of no date, n.d is used)
· O’Keefe, E. (n.d.). Egoism & the crisis in Western values. Retrieved from http://www.onlineoriginals.com/showitem.asp?itmeID=135
11) In case the material is published as a book and its e-book format is also available
· Shotton, M. A. (1989). Computer addiction? A study of computer dependency [DX Reader version]. Retrieved from http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk/html/index.asp
· Shotton, M. A. (1989). Computer addiction? A study of computer dependency [DX Reader version]. doi:10.1036/0071393722
12) In case of a dictionary or an encyclopedia
· Smith, A. D. (Ed.). (2000). Oxford dictionary of biochemistry and molecular biology (Rev. ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
13) In case of online dictionary and encyclopedia whose authors can be confirmed
· Yalowitz, S. (2005). Anomalous Monism. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Fall 2007 ed.). Retrieved from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/
· Kinni, T. B. (2004). Disney, Walt: Founder of Disney company. In G. R. Goeth, & J. M. Burns (Eds.), Encyclopedia of leadership (Vol. 1, pp. 345-349). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
14) In case of non-English books (without English title)
: In this case, the original title needs to be mentioned and the translated title is added in a brace.
· Francois, B. (1965). Histoire du costume - En occident de l'antiquuite a nos jours, [A history of costume in the West]. Paris: Flammarion.
· Korea Federation of Textile Industries. (2013). 한국섬유패션연감 2013 [Korea textile fashion yearbook 2013]. Seoul: Jeongmunsa.
2. Academic journal
1) In case there is an English title
· Albinsson, P., & Perera, B. (2009). From trash to treasure and beyond: the meaning of voluntary disposition. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 8(6), 340-353.
· Kim, M., & Park, H. (2011). Make up culture and image of Korean women in the late of 20th centry. Journal of Business Research, 15(4), 67-86.
2) In case of non-English journal (without English title)
: The original title needs to be written and the translated title is put in a brace. When the title of an academic journal is mentioned in a foreign language, it shall not be modified or changed.
· Ising, M. (2000). Intensitatsabhangigkeit evozierter Potenzial im EEG: Sind impulsive Personen Augmenter oder Reducer? [Intensity dependence in event-related EEG potentials: Are impulsive individuals augmenters or reducers?]. Zeiyschrift fur Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychologie, 21, 208-217.
· Dubost, F. (1999). Le beau et la mode [Beauty and fashion]. TERRAIN, 32, 10.
· Keum, J. (1999). 조선시대 철릭 연구 [A study on Cheollik, in the Joseon Dynasty]. 韓國服飾, 5-56.
3) In case of an academic journal with DOI (digital object identifier)
· Yoo, B., & Donthu, N. (2001). Developing and validating a multidimensional consumer-based brand equity scale. Journal of Business Research, 17(1), 1?14. doi:10.1016/S0148-2963(99)00098-3
· Yim, E. (2013). Aesthetics of the Goth as a subculture style. Journal of fashion Business, 17(2), 1-16. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.12940/jfb.2013.17.2.1
4) In case of online publication, doi number or URL address needs to be added.
· Von Ledebur, S. C. (2007). Optimizing knowledge transfer by new employees in companies. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 18(3), 120-132. Advance online publication.
doi:10.1057/palgrave.kmrp.8500141
· Hamfi, A. G. (1999). The funny nature of dogs. Sociology Review, 17(4), 21-27. Retrieved from http://www.philipallan.co.uk/sociologyreview/
3. Translated book
· George, E. (2001). Museum theory for curators (J. Yang Trans.). Seoul: Gimmyoungsa. (Original work published 1995).
· Laplace, P. S. (1951). A philosophical essay on probabilities. ( F. W. Truscott & F. L. Emory, Trans.). New York, NY: Dover. (Original work published 1814)
4. Dissertation
· Kim, S. (1998). A Study of the structure of clothing consumption values and the relation between clothing consumption values and clothing involvement and fashion leadership (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
· Ward, I. (1998). Sedimentary history of the Pandora wreck and surrounds (Unpublished master’s thesis). James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
5. In case of a conference proceeding
1) In case there is a proceeding
· Ahn, S., & Ryou, E. (2012). The effect of clothing consumption value on the clothing disposition behavior. Proceedings of 2012 International Conference on fashion Design and Apparel Industry (pp. 162-163). Daegu: The Society of fashion & Textile Industry.
· Gibson, C. C. (2005). In S. Allsop (Ed.) Impact of the larger social context on the distance learner. Proceedings of International Council for Distance Education: One world many voices (pp. 279-282). Chicago: Milton Keynes.
2) In case a proceeding is not published
· Ryou, E., & Knight, D. K. (2009). Service Quality and Its Implications for T-Commerce. Paper presented at the annual meeting of International Textile & Apparel Association, Bellevue, Washington.
· Martins, J. R. (2004, April). Working with the terminally ill: An integrated theoretical model. In J. R. Tunon (Chair), Cooperative health care in the 21st century. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the American Counseling Association World Conference, San Diego, CA.
6. Newspaper or journal articles without specific author
· ISO 26000 and social sustainability. (2010, July 7). Fashion News, p. 7.
· Top 100 fashion corporate in Korea. (2010, June 14). Fashion Biz, p. 83.
7. Materials from internet
1) Web page
· Fast retailing CSR report. (2012). Fast retailing Co. Ltd. Retrieved September 21, 2012, from http://www.fastretailing.com/eng/csr/report
· Fantasy of IT & fashion. (2012, June 8). Chosunbiz. Retrieved November 20, 2012, from http://www.chosunbiz.com
· New child vaccine gets funding boost. (2001). Retrieved from http://news.ninemsn.com.au/health/story_13178.asp
2) the website without the author
· New child vaccine gets funding boost. (2001). Retrieved from http://news.ninemsn.com.au/health/story_13718.asp
3) News article
· Lawlor, A. (2000, July 20). Phoenician 'find' makes textbooks ancient history. The Courier Mail. pp. 10-11.
· Heinlein, G. (2007, July 24). Michigan smoking ban takes big step. Detroit News. Retrieved from http://www.detnews.com
4) Lecture notes
· Bond, T. (2004). ED1401: Childhood and adolescence, week 12 notes. [Word document]. Retrieved from http://learnjcu2004.jcu.edu.au
5) Government on-line materials
· National Institute of Health. (2009). Depression: The silent killer (NIH Publication No. 08-3571). Retrieved from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/healthtopics/depression/index.pdf
8. When materials cited from another book are recited, the book the author cites directly is presented.
· Zeithaml, V. (1988). Consumer perceptions of price, quality, and value: A means-end model and synthesis of evidence. Journal of Marketing, 52(3), 2-22.
9. Cited phrase included in a compiled writing
· Atkinson S., & Easey M. (2009). Designing and marketing fashion products. In Easey M. (Eds.), Fashion marketing (pp. 145-176). West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
10. For citation of figure sources
· It is marked as source, p. in another line under the title of a cited picture
· The name of the searched web site needs to be marked in case the picture citation is got from the internet.
Ex: A woman wearing a chemise Figure 1 is
11. Quoting the source of table
Mark the source of a table on the right corner below the table if applicable.
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